England / Britain

Queens of England: Every Queen Regnant and Queen Consort Since 1066

The queens of England and Britain since 1066: the six queens regnant who ruled in their own right, the two disputed claims, and every queen consort from Matilda of Flanders to Queen Camilla.

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The queens of England fall into two groups. A few ruled in their own right, as queen regnant. Many more were queens consort, married to a reigning king. This page lists both: the six ruling queens and the two disputed claims, then every queen consort since 1066, with the reign each queen belonged to.

TL;DR: The six queens regnant are Mary I (1553-1558), Elizabeth I (1558-1603), Mary II (1689-1694), Anne (1702-1714), Victoria (1837-1901) and Elizabeth II (1952-2022). Sources disagree on Empress Matilda (1141) and Lady Jane Grey (1553). The current queen, Camilla, is a queen consort, crowned in 2023.

Queens of England who ruled in their own right

Queen regnantHouseReignLengthStatus
Mary ITudor1553-15585 yearsReviewed
Elizabeth ITudor1558-160344 yearsReviewed
Mary IIStuart1689-1694, jointly with William III5 yearsReviewed
AnneStuart1702-171412 yearsReviewed
VictoriaHanover1837-190163 yearsReviewed
Elizabeth IIWindsor1952-202270 yearsReviewed

The two longest reigns in British history both belong to queens: Elizabeth II and Victoria. Anne was the first monarch of Great Britain, after the union with Scotland in 1707. Mary II shared the throne with her husband, William III, who reigned alone after her death in 1694.

The disputed queens

Empress Matilda and Lady Jane Grey

Empress Matilda (1141) and Lady Jane Grey (1553)

Status: Disputed. Not counted among the six.

Note: Matilda, Henry I's daughter, took the title "Lady of the English" in 1141 but was never crowned. Jane Grey was proclaimed queen on 10 July 1553 and displaced on 19 July, also uncrowned. The Royal Family website lists Jane as a monarch; most counts of queens regnant leave both women out.

Sources: The Royal Family, "Stephen and Matilda"; The Royal Family, "Lady Jane Grey"; Historic Royal Palaces, "Lady Jane Grey".

Queen regnant and queen consort: the difference

A queen regnant holds the crown and its powers. A queen consort is the wife of a king. She may share his coronation, but she has no right to rule. When a queen regnant marries, her husband does not become king by default.

Philip of Spain, Mary I's husband, used the title King of England during the marriage. Prince Albert and Prince Philip did not.

Every queen consort since 1066

The table lists each king's wife while he reigned. Wives who died or were divorced before their husband became king are left out.

KingQueen consort
William IMatilda of Flanders
Henry IMatilda of Scotland; then Adeliza of Louvain
StephenMatilda of Boulogne
Henry IIEleanor of Aquitaine
Richard IBerengaria of Navarre
JohnIsabella of Angoulême
Henry IIIEleanor of Provence
Edward IEleanor of Castile; then Margaret of France
Edward IIIsabella of France
Edward IIIPhilippa of Hainault
Richard IIAnne of Bohemia; then Isabella of Valois
Henry IVJoan of Navarre
Henry VCatherine of Valois
Henry VIMargaret of Anjou
Edward IVElizabeth Woodville
Richard IIIAnne Neville
Henry VIIElizabeth of York
Henry VIIISix queens, listed on the Henry VIII wives in order page
James IAnne of Denmark
Charles IHenrietta Maria of France
Charles IICatherine of Braganza
James IIMary of Modena
George IICaroline of Ansbach
George IIICharlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
George IVCaroline of Brunswick, barred from his coronation
William IVAdelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Edward VIIAlexandra of Denmark
George VMary of Teck
George VIElizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Charles IIICamilla

Four kings had no queen consort while they reigned. William II and Edward VI never married. George I had divorced his wife in 1694, twenty years before he became king. Edward VIII abdicated to marry. Queen Anne's husband, Prince George of Denmark, was never made king.

Notable queens consort

Several consorts shaped their husbands' reigns.

  • Eleanor of Aquitaine was queen of France before she married Henry II, and she was the mother of Richard I and John.
  • Isabella of France led the invasion that deposed her husband, Edward II, in 1326-1327.
  • Margaret of Anjou led the Lancastrian side in the Wars of the Roses while Henry VI was unable to rule.
  • Elizabeth of York joined the houses of York and Lancaster by marrying Henry VII.
  • Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, George VI's queen, lived to 101 and was known as the Queen Mother after 1952.

Several of these queens have full biographies. Our guide to the best books about the royal family includes lives of Victoria and Elizabeth II.

Verdict: the queens of England, counted

The queens of England who ruled in their own right number six, from Mary I to Elizabeth II, and between them they hold the two longest reigns in British history. Matilda and Jane Grey remain disputed. Queens consort are far more numerous, and the latest, Queen Camilla, was crowned in 2023. The Tudor monarch page compares the Tudor queens, and every monarch since 1066 is on the England royal family hub.

Sources checked for this page

Questions people also ask

How many queens have ruled England in their own right?

Six: Mary I, Elizabeth I, Mary II, Anne, Victoria and Elizabeth II. Empress Matilda and Lady Jane Grey are usually left out of the count.

What is the difference between a queen regnant and a queen consort?

A queen regnant rules in her own right. A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king and holds no power to rule.

Who is the current queen?

Queen Camilla, the wife of Charles III, is queen consort. She was crowned with the King at Westminster Abbey on 6 May 2023.

Who was the first queen of England?

Mary I was the first crowned queen regnant, from 1553. Queens consort go back much further, to Anglo-Saxon times.